Golden points from Digestive system (anatomy)

 

Digestive system

Major organs :-

1)  Mouth

2)  Pharynx

3)  Oesophagus

4)  Stomach

5)  Intestine (small and large)

6)  Rectum

7)  Anal canal

 

Accessory organs:

1)  3 pairs of salivary glands

2)  Pancreas

3)  Liver and biliary tracts

 

Length of different digestive organs :

Ø Pharynx - 12-14cm

Ø Oesophagus - 25cm

Ø Stomach - 25cm

Ø Small intestine - 5.25m

·      Duodenum - 25cm

·      Jejunum - 2m

·      Ileum - 3m

Ø Large intestine - 1.5m

Ø Rectum - 13cm

Ø Anal canal - 3.8cm

 

Taste area of tongue :

Ø Tip of tongue - Sweet and salt

Ø Back of tongue - Bitter

Ø Side of tongue - Sour

 

§  Dental formula of primary teeth - 2102

§  Dental formula of permanent teeth - 2123

§  Total number of primary teeth - 20

§  Total number of permanent teeth - 32

§  Hardest tissue of human body - Dentine

§  Hardest substance of human body - Enamel

§  First temporary teeth to erupt - Lower central incisor

§  First permanent teeth to erupt - First molar

 

Digestion sites of different nutrients :

o  Digestion of carbohydrates starts from mouth.

o  Digestion of protein starts from stomach.

o  Fat digestion starts from small intestine (duodenum) and absorption mainly occurs in jejunum.

o  Water is majorly absorbed at small intestine (jejunum).

o  Complete digestion of carbohydrates, protein, fat occurs in small intestine.

o  Vitamin C and iron are absorbed from Duodenum.

o  Vitamin B12 absorption occurs in Ileum.

 

Some important terms :

vGlossitis - inflammation of tongue

vStomatitis - inflammation of mouth or buccal mucosa

vGastritis - inflammation of stomach

vEnteritis - inflammation of small intestine

vColitis - inflammation of large intestine

vCholecystitis - inflammation of gall bladder

vAppendicitis - inflammation of appendix

vPoliceman of abdomen - greater omentum

vRomance of abdomen - pancreas

vOdynophagia - pain during swallowing

vDysphagia - difficulty in swallowing

 

ü Gall bladder is pear shaped.

ü Daily secretion of bile is 500-1000ml.

ü pH of bile juice is slightly alkaline i.e. 8.

ü Largest gland of body - liver (wt. - 1.5 to 2.5 kg)

ü Pancreas is fish shaped gland of 60gm wt. and 15cm length which is also known as mixed gland. Secrets pancreatic juice that contains enzyme which can digest carbohydrates, protein, fat.

ü Rennin is produced by stomach and Renin is produced by kidney.

ü Daily production of saliva - 1 to 1.5 litre which is slightly acidic (5.8 - 7.4)

ü Gastric juice is produced upto 2.5 litre per day.

ü Capacity of stomach is 1.5 litres.

Thanks for reading the blog.